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Which of the following is not a limitation of human observation?


A) Limited amounts of data can be recorded
B) Observer's writing speed
C) Ability to observe unpredictable situations and behaviours
D) Observer may record events subjectively

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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When measuring internet activity, the metric commonly used to evaluate co-marketing pattern partners is known as ______.

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When the presence of an observer is unknown to the subject, it is called ______ observation.

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The most common mechanism for developing new ideas in innovative companies is:


A) social media monitoring.
B) direct observation.
C) traditional market research.
D) projective techniques.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A distortion of measurement resulting from the cognitive behaviour or actions of the witnessing observer is called contrived bias.

A) True
B) False

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Surveys record ___-________ behaviour whilst observations record ______ behaviour.

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The time it takes a subject to make a choice between two alternatives is known as ________ _______.

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Response latency:


A) is related to the concept of psychological distance between alternatives, as measured by the decision time taken to make a choice between the alternatives.
B) refers to latent error existing in mechanical observation techniques.
C) is a computer-based statistical procedure based on a latency matrix.
D) is a measure of the observer's reaction time in recording the occurred behaviour.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Observation research can provide researchers with an explanation of why certain behaviours occurred.

A) True
B) False

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The mechanical device that measures involuntary changes in the electrical resistance of the skin is called a(n) __________________.

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Observing the interactions between airline travellers while they wait in a check-in line at an airport is an example of which type of observation?


A) Temporal patterns
B) Expressive behaviour
C) Physical action
D) Spatial relations

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Observation studies are free from response biases relating to social desirability.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements is true?


A) Observation research is not subject to validity and reliability controls.
B) Only interesting curiosities should be recorded during observation,
C) Observation research can provide an explanation of why a behaviour occurred.
D) Observing behaviour patterns over a period of time can be costly and difficult.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Woolworths is planning to redesign the store layout of their supermarkets to maximise customer flow and the exposure of impulse goods. Which of the following research methods would be most useful to help Woolworths gather the data required for decision-making?


A) Experiment
B) Survey
C) Observation
D) Depth interview

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Observations can be a tool for scientific inquiry when there are checks or controls on validity and reliability.

A) True
B) False

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When an airline passenger (who is really a researcher) complains loudly about his meal so that he can note the behaviour of the flight attendant, it is an example of which type of observation?


A) Content analysis
B) Indirect
C) Contrived
D) Response latency

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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A key limitation of observation is that it can only be used to observe physical behaviour.

A) True
B) False

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In marketing research, observation is the random process of recording the behavioural patterns of people, objects and occurrences as they are witnessed.

A) True
B) False

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When an observer enters a store and pretends to be interested in a particular product or service, but is actually evaluating the shop assistant's performance, the observer is known as a _______ _______.

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The systematic process of recording the behaviours of people as they occur is called ___________.

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